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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The aim of this study was to design and assess the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Matricaria chamomilla (MC) on preantral follicle culture of mouse ovaries in a three-dimensional culture system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Isolated preantral follicles were randomly divided into three main groups: the control group containing 10% fetal bovine serum without MC extract (G1), the first experimental group supplemented with 25 μg/ml hydroalcoholic extract of chamomile (G2), and the second experimental group supplemented with 50 μg/ml hydroalcoholic extract of chamomile (G3).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After 12 days of culture, the survival rate (P < 0.05), antrum formation (P < 0.01), metaphase two oocytes (P < 0.01), and the expression of PCNA (P < 0.05) and FSHR (P < 0.05) genes significantly decreased in G3 as compared with G1. On the other hand, at the last day of culture (day 12), the mean diameter of follicles cultured in the medium which was supplemented with 50 μg/ml hydroalcoholic extract of chamomile significantly decreased as compared with the G1 (P < 0.05). In addition, the levels of progesterone and dehydroepiandrosterone hormones significantly increased in the medium of G3 relative to G1 (P < 0.01), while in the medium of G1, the level of 17β-estradiol was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.01). Reactive oxygen species levels of metaphase II oocytes were significantly decreased in G2 as compared with G1 (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Adding chamomile extract to culture media appeared to decrease follicular function and development.</p>
RESUMO
We present a case of Japanese encephalopathy, which posed serious problems during diagnosis as well management. Our patient had to be nursed in ICU and mechanically ventilated for a prolonged period [more than 50 days] and was successfully weaned, but with difficulty and with sustained and careful monitoring and flexible planning. A multispecialty approach made all the difference between life and death
RESUMO
Airway management is one of the most important routine tasks performed by an anesthesiologist. Adept airway management is an essential skill for an anesthesiologist. Although practice guidelines and algorithms may help in such situations, but vigilance and a timely decision remain all important in such a situation. We encountered a patient with a rapidly enlarging subscapular mass due to which maintenance of supine position on the operating table for laryngoscopy and intubation was almost impossible. We had little options for airway management during general anesthesia in this patient. We present our method of successful management in this case and reiterate the role of different methods of correct positioning and intubation in such circumstances